What economic behavior typically characterizes a recession?

During a recession, the economic environment is marked by a decline in overall economic activity, which often leads to increased uncertainty among consumers about their financial futures. This uncertainty prompts consumers to alter their spending habits, with a tendency to save more and reduce discretionary spending. As individuals become cautious about their job security and income stability, they prioritize essential purchases and cut back on luxuries and non-essential items.

This shift in behavior also results from the decreased confidence in the economy, as people may fear potential job losses or reductions in income. Consequently, businesses may experience a drop in sales, further exacerbating the economic downturn. In contrast, the other scenarios presented do not align with typical behaviors during a recession, as they reflect increased consumer spending and economic optimism rather than the cautious and savings-oriented mindset characteristic of such downturns.